Piston



Aug. 26 ,1924. 1,506,253

A. PONDELICK PISTON Filed May 51 1923 Patented Aug. 26, 1924.

UNITED STATES ANTON PONDELICK, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

PISTON.

Application filed May 31,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ANTON PONDELICK, a a

citizen of the United States, and a resident of Chicago, in the countyof Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Pistons, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates'to pistons, partlcularly to pistons for use inexplosive engines. My invention may be considered as an improvement onthe structure disclosed in my co-pending application Serial No. 531,069,filed January 23, 1922, in which construction the piston body iscomposed in greater part of lighter metal such as aluminum or aluminumalloy intimately surrounded by bands of heavier metal such as cast ironwhich reenforce the structure and which take up the wear.

Unless the bands or rings are intimately interlocked with the materialin the piston body against lateral, radial, and turning movement theymay become displaced as the piston rapidly travels and cause thedestructive wearing of the cylinder walls, or to bind. Such bindingwould of course tend to loosen the bands'still more and then they wouldstill further interfere with proper operation and would cause the engineto become noisy. Tn structures such as disclosed in Werra Patent No.1,195,305 of August 22, 1916, where the bearing rings are of increaseddiameter, T have found that such rings soon start to rattle and to wearun evenly so that the engine becomes noisy in a very short time. Animportant object of my invention is therefore to provide improvedarrangement for intimately interlocking the bearing bands or rings withthe piston body so that there fwill be no chance for relative movementin any direction.

Another object is to provide animproved arrangement for intimatelyinterlocking with the piston body the bushings which journal theconnecting rod wrist pin so that these bushings cannot become loosened.

My improved construction and arrangement is fully disclosed on theaccompanyin drawing in whichig. 1 is a side elevational view,'partly invertical diametral section,

2 is a sectional view on plane 2--2,

3 is a'plan view of a bearing ring,

Fig. 4= is an end view of one of the bushings, and

1923. Serial No. 642,442.

Fig. 5 is a side view. of the bushing.

The body 10 of the piston structure has the radially inwardly extendingbearing lugs 11 and 12 for the connecting rod wrist pin.

The body is of aluminum or other light weight metal and at its upper endhas the usual peripheral notches 13 for the piston for packing rings,the application of which is well known in the art. Near its lower endthe body has the rectangular groove or channel 14 which extends entirelyaround the body and receives the bearing ring 15. This bearing ring isplaced in the mould before the aluminum is cast therein. and the ringwill then be intimately surrounded by the aluminum. To intimatelyinterlock the ring with the body I provide tongues and grooves suitablyarranged toprevent relative movement in any direction. As shown theupper and lower walls of the channel 14 have the annular ridges ortongues 16 and 17 and the transverse ridges or tongues 18. The ring onits upper and lower sides has corresponding annular grooves 19 and 20and transverse grooves 21. The tongues are of course formed in the bodywhen the aluminum'is cast and the grooves of the rings will then receivethe tongues and the rings will be intimately interlocked with the bodyand prevented from moving relatively either laterally or radially orturning.

Below the piston ring grooves 13 1 provide a groove 22 for a wearingring 23 which is intimately interlocked with the piston body in the samemanner as is the ring 15. After casting of the body around the bearingrings the structure is machined and the bearing rings are given aslightly greater diameter in' order that they alone will have bearingengagement with the cylinder sides. By thus intimately interlocking thebearing rings with the piston body they can never work loose or becomedisplaced and the engine will always operate without noise and thefriction will be reduced to a minimum.

In the bearing lugs 11' and 12 for the wrist pin are inserted bearingbushings 24 which are also intimately interlocked against any relativemovement with reference to the body. As shown these bushings do notextend entirely outwardly through the lugs and in their outer ends theyare provided with an annular groove 25, and on their cylindrical faceswith helical grooves 26, into which grooves the aluminum engages duringthe casting operation to form tongues I thus provide a very simple,efficient and,

durable piston structure which is very light and which retains itsreenforcing' bearing rings in proper position and holds them against anydisplacement.

I do not desire to be limited to the exact construction and arrangementshown and described, as modifications can be made which will still comewithin the scope of the invention.

I claim as follows:

1. In a piston structure, the combination of the cylindrical body havinga circumferenti-al channel of rectangular cross section, longitudinaland transverse tongues extending from the upper and lower walls of saidchannel, a bearing ring in said channel, and longitudinal and transversegrooves in the upper and lower faces of said ring for receiving saidlongitudinal and transverse tongues whereby to lock said ring againstlateral, radial, and turning movement.

2. In a piston structure, the combination of the cylindrical body havinga circumferential channel, a closed bearing ring fitting in saidchannel, means for interlocking said .of said ring, said ring being ofheavier metal and said body being of lighter metal cast around said ringwhereby the metal of the body will form tongues for engaging in thegrooves of the ring to thereby lock said ring to the body againstradial, lateral, and turning movement.

4. In a piston, the combination of the cylindrical body, radial bearinglugs extending inwardly from said body, bushings in said lugs, therebeing an annular groove in the outer end of each bushing and helicalgrooves on the cylindrical sides thereof, said body being cast aroundsaid bushings whereby the metal will flow into said grooves to therebyinterlock said bushings with the body against lateral and turningmovement.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 28th day of May,A. D., 1923.

ANTON PONDELICK.

